Articles tagged "Durable Objects"

**Cloudflare Durable Objects** ([official docs](https://developers.cloudflare.com/durable-objects/) / [product page](https://www.cloudflare.com/products/durable-objects/) / [SQLite in Durable Objects blog](https://blog.cloudflare.com/sqlite-in-durable-objects/)) is Cloudflare's **stateful serverless primitive that pairs compute with persistent storage inside a globally-unique instance running on Workers**. Announced in 2020, it reached **GA on SQLite storage with Workers Free-tier availability in April 2025**, then **entered its paid-billing phase on January 7, 2026** — this is now the commercial-adoption era. **Architectural core**: a **`DurableObjectStub`** derived from a name (`DurableObjectNamespace::getByName`) always routes to the single, globally-unique instance for that name → **zero-latency SQLite access** because compute and storage co-reside in the same process on the same machine. This delivers **strong-consistency single-master semantics at edge latency** — a class of distributed system that is famously hard to DIY, replaced with a single platform primitive. **Pricing** (Paid tier): - **Requests**: 1M/month included, then **$0.15 / 1M** (WebSocket inbound counts at 20:1) - **Duration**: 400,000 GB-seconds/month included, then **$12.50 / 1M GB-seconds** - **SQLite row reads**: 25B/month included, then **$0.001 / 1M** - **SQLite row writes**: 50M/month included, then **$1.00 / 1M** - **Stored data**: 5 GB-month included, then **$0.20 / GB-month** - **`setAlarm()` counts as one row write** **Free tier** (launched April 2025): 100,000 requests/day, 13,000 GB-seconds/day, 5M SQLite row reads/day, 100K writes/day, and 5 GB stored data — plenty for personal PoC and startup validation. **WebSocket Hibernation**: idle-but-eligible instances **do not accrue duration charges**. Long-lived sparse-messaging sessions (chat, notifications, LLM conversation state) become dramatically cheaper to run. **Key 2025–2026 updates**: April 7, 2025 SQLite GA + Workers Free; August 21, 2025 direct `getByName` construction; October 16, 2025 Data Studio UI editor; **October 25, 2025 WebSocket message size lifted from 1 MiB to 32 MiB**; January 7, 2026 SQLite storage billing goes live. **Representative use cases**: collaborative editing (Google-Docs-class), real-time chat, multiplayer game room-matching, live notifications, **LLM agent conversation and session state** (backend for Claude Code / Cursor-style tools), financial and IoT event buffering, distributed rate limits and locks. **Positioning**: where [Local LLM landscape (June 2026)](../columns/local-llm-landscape-2026-june-update), [agmsg](../columns/agmsg-cross-agent-messaging-cli-ai-2026-06), and [Sakana Fugu orchestration](../columns/sakana-fugu-orchestration-model-2026-06) distribute AI **inference**, Durable Objects distribute **stateful session, history, and coordination** at the edge — a natural complement rather than a competitor.

**Flue Framework** ([official site](https://flueframework.com/) / [1.0 Beta blog](https://flueframework.com/blog/flue-1-0-beta/) / [Cloudflare partnership blog](https://blog.cloudflare.com/agents-platform-flue-sdk/)) is a **TypeScript AI-agent harness framework from the Astro team**, published as **1.0 Beta the week of June 17, 2026**. Its slogan — **write once, deploy anywhere, use any LLM** — is backed by **25+ built-in channel integrations** (Slack, GitHub, Linear, Discord, Notion, Stripe, Shopify, Teams, Telegram, Twilio, WhatsApp, and more). **Three-layer stack**: - **Framework layer**: **Flue** (project structure, conventions, integrations, CLI) - **Harness layer**: **Pi** (the agentic loop — tool calls and context management) - **Runtime layer**: **[Cloudflare Agents SDK](../columns/cloudflare-durable-objects-2026-07)** (compute, state, storage) **The Cloudflare integration**: when Flue deploys to Cloudflare, **each agent becomes a Durable Object** (see our [Durable Objects deep dive](../columns/cloudflare-durable-objects-2026-07)). `runFiber()` / `stash()` / `onFiberRecovered()` **checkpoint state into SQLite** so agents resume cleanly after interruptions. It composes **`@cloudflare/codemode`** (Dynamic Workers that safely execute agent-generated TypeScript, **isolates in under 10 ms, ~$0.002 per load**), **`@cloudflare/shell`** (SQLite-backed virtual filesystem), and **`@cloudflare/dynamic-workflows`** (persistent workflows with retry and external-approval support). **Five core primitives**: 1. **Agents** — autonomous, context-aware 2. **Workflows** — deterministic step execution 3. **Sandboxes** — safe tool-execution environments 4. **Channels** — Slack / GitHub / Linear / Discord / Notion / Stripe / Shopify — 25+ 5. **Durable Streams** — event transport where accepted work never disappears **Supporting layers**: **`@flue/react`** (`useFlueAgent` / `useFlueWorkflow` hooks for direct front-end integration), **`@flue/sdk`** (client for talking to deployed agents), **`flue add`** (shadcn-style integration scaffolding), **Subagents**, **Tools & Skills** (typed API actions plus reusable expertise packages), **[MCP](../columns/agmsg-cross-agent-messaging-cli-ai-2026-06) integration**, and **observability** via OpenTelemetry / Braintrust / Sentry. **Deploy targets**: Cloudflare Workers, Node.js, AWS, Docker, Railway, Render, Vercel, Fly, GitLab CI, SST. **Databases**: PostgreSQL, Supabase, MongoDB, MySQL, Redis. **Backstory**: Flue **started life as the internal engine for AI workflows inside Astro's own GitHub repos** and was subsequently generalized. The **Astro team is known for exceptional developer experience**, and that shows up in the CLI and integration polish. **Positioning**: Flue is the **first major agent framework built on Cloudflare's Agents SDK**, sits inside the same **harness-driven architecture family** as [Claude Code](../columns/claude-code-agent-view-parallel-orchestration-2026), and doesn't belong to the [LangChain / LlamaIndex / AutoGen / CrewAI / Mastra](../columns/agmsg-cross-agent-messaging-cli-ai-2026-06) lineage — its wedge is **the framework-layer polish plus the breadth of integrations**. The official demo implements a bug-triage agent **in under 25 lines**.