Glossary: Web Frontend

30 terms

Astro.js

A framework optimized for content-driven sites. It ships zero JavaScript by default, enabling client-side JS only where needed via Islands Architecture, resulting in excellent Core Web Vitals scores.

Web Frontend3

Edge Function

Edge Functions / エッジ関数 / Edge Runtime

Serverless functions that run on CDN edge nodes geographically close to users, delivering low latency. They use a restricted Edge Runtime (lighter than Node.js), making them ideal for A/B testing, auth checks, and geo-routing.

Web Frontend3

Framer Motion

Motion / Framer Motion

A declarative animation library for React. Specifying animate, transition, and whileHover props on motion.div components implements high-quality animations, with built-in support for page transitions and gestures.

Web Frontend5

Hono

Hono.js / 炎

A Japanese-originated ultra-lightweight, ultra-fast multi-runtime web framework. It runs on Node.js, Bun, Deno, Cloudflare Workers, and Vercel Edge, offering type-safe RPC APIs and Zod validation for full-stack development.

Web Frontend3

Hydration

ハイドレーション / クライアントハイドレーション

The process of attaching JavaScript to server-rendered static HTML to make it interactive. HTML is visible immediately, but click events and other interactions may be non-functional until hydration completes.

Web Frontend5

Inertia.js

Inertia.js / Inertia

An adapter library that lets you use React, Vue, or Svelte as the frontend while keeping server-side routing. It delivers SPA-like UX without designing a separate API, popularized by Laravel and Rails integrations.

Web Frontend3

ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)

Incremental Static Regeneration / インクリメンタル静的再生成

A hybrid of SSG and SSR introduced by Next.js. A per-page revalidate interval triggers background HTML regeneration after the set time, updating content without a full rebuild.

Web Frontend3

JavaScript

JS / ECMAScript / ES2025

The programming language defined by the ECMAScript specification. Born as a browser scripting language, it now runs server-side and on edge runtimes via Node.js, Deno, and Bun — the universal language of the Web.

Web Frontend3

Middleware

Middleware / ミドルウェア / Next.js Middleware

A processing layer between HTTP requests and responses. In Next.js (v15: middleware.ts, v16+: proxy.ts), it handles routing control, auth checks, and geo-redirects on the Edge Runtime.

Web Frontend3

Next.js

Next.js / Nextjs

Vercel's React-based web framework offering SSR, SSG, ISR, RSC, and Server Actions with file-based routing via the App Router. The current major version as of 2026 is v16.

Web Frontend3

Nuxt

Nuxt.js / Nuxt 3

Vue.js's official full-stack framework. It integrates file-based routing, auto-imports, SSR/SSG/ISR, and the Nitro server engine to bring production-grade capabilities to Vue applications.

Web Frontend3

Proxy

proxy.ts / Next.js Proxy / リバースプロキシ

In Next.js v16+, the successor filename to middleware.ts. More broadly, a component that relays requests between client and server, handling auth, caching, and load balancing.

Web Frontend3

Radix UI

Radix / Radix Primitives

An accessibility-first React primitive library. Components like Dialog, Dropdown, and Tabs are fully WAI-ARIA compliant and serve as the foundation of shadcn/ui.

Web Frontend3

React

React.js / ReactJS

Meta's component-based UI library that enables declarative UI via virtual DOM, JSX, and Hooks. It serves as the foundation for Next.js, Remix, React Native, and many other frameworks.

Web Frontend3

Remix

Remix.js / React Router v7

Shopify-backed React full-stack framework that embraces Web standards (Form, fetch, Web APIs). It features nested routing and the loader/action pattern for data fetching and mutations.

Web Frontend3

RSC (React Server Components)

React Server Components / RSC / サーバーコンポーネント

React components that run exclusively on the server. Their code is excluded from the client JS bundle, enabling direct access to databases and the filesystem. In Next.js App Router, components are Server Components by default.

Web Frontend3

Server Action

Server Actions / サーバーアクション

Server-side functions introduced in React 19 and the Next.js App Router. Annotated with 'use server', they can be called directly from client components, enabling form handling and DB operations without defining separate API endpoints.

Web Frontend3

shadcn/ui

shadcn/ui / shadcn

A component collection built on Radix UI primitives and Tailwind CSS. Rather than an npm package, it uses a CLI to copy component source code directly into your project, enabling complete customization.

Web Frontend3

Solid

SolidJS / Solid.js

Ryan Carniato's reactive UI library that uses JSX without a virtual DOM, achieving fine-grained DOM updates for best-in-class runtime performance while offering a React-like developer experience.

Web Frontend3

SSG (Static Site Generation)

Static Site Generation / 静的サイト生成

A strategy that pre-generates all page HTML at build time. Pages are served directly from a CDN, giving near-zero TTFB and low infrastructure cost. Ideal for blogs, docs, and marketing sites with low update frequency.

Web Frontend3

SSR (Server-Side Rendering)

Server-Side Rendering / サーバーサイドレンダリング

A rendering strategy where the server generates HTML on every request. It offers fast initial load and SEO benefits, making it suitable for dynamic or user-specific content. In Next.js, getServerSideProps and App Router defaults support SSR.

Web Frontend3

Streaming

Streaming SSR / HTML Streaming / ストリーミング

A rendering technique where the server sends HTML chunks to the browser progressively as they become ready, rather than waiting to generate the full page. Combined with Suspense, it improves TTFB and perceived performance.

Web Frontend3

Suspense

React Suspense / サスペンス

React's async rendering feature. It shows a fallback UI (e.g., a loading spinner) while waiting for data fetching or lazy-loaded code, automatically switching to the real content when it is ready.

Web Frontend3

Svelte

Svelte.js / SvelteKit

Rich Harris's compiler-based UI framework that eliminates the virtual DOM by compiling to minimal JS at build time, resulting in high runtime performance. SvelteKit handles full-stack SSR/SSG needs.

Web Frontend3

Tailwind CSS

Tailwind / Tailwind CSS

A utility-first CSS framework where you compose UIs by applying small, single-purpose classes like flex, p-4, and text-blue-500 directly in HTML — no custom CSS needed. v4 migrated to CSS variable-based configuration.

Web Frontend3

Turbopack

Vercel's Rust-powered JavaScript bundler, designed as a Webpack successor. Incremental caching dramatically speeds up dev server startup and HMR for large projects. Default in Next.js 15+.

Web Frontend3

TypeScript

TS / TypeScript言語

Microsoft's statically typed superset of JavaScript. Compile-time type checking prevents bugs in large codebases and enriches IDE autocompletion, making it the de-facto standard for modern frontend and backend development.

Web Frontend3

Vite

Vite.js / ヴィート

Evan You's next-generation frontend build tool. It uses native ESM for bundle-free fast HMR in dev, and Rollup for production builds. The standard build tool for Svelte, Vue, React, Remix, Hono, and many others.

Web Frontend3

Vue

Vue.js / VueJS

Evan You's progressive UI framework known for Single File Components, the Composition API, and low learning curve. Pairs naturally with Nuxt for SSR/SSG full-stack applications.

Web Frontend3

Webpack

webpack

A static module bundler for JavaScript that transforms JS, CSS, and images into one or more bundles based on a dependency graph. Highly configurable but complex, it was the long-time de-facto frontend standard.

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